School-based Drama Program to Enhance Social and Emotional Wellbeing at Elementary School 利用校本戲劇課程促進小學生的社交及情緒健康發展
Abstract
The drama program was designed by the experienced drama expert and educator Annukka Häkämies and Katja Joronen with the teachers in Southern Finland. The program premised upon the drama theories of e.g. Owens and Barber (1998) and social cognitive theory of Bandura (1986). Program focused on improving social competence and social and emotional wellbeing in the classroom which may also reduce bullying. Participants were elementary school children in grades 4–5 (mean age of 10.4 years). The aim was to improve the following functions of the students: empathy, social competence, student–teacher interaction, child–parent interaction, recognition on of values and emotions. Pretexts of the drama sessions were related to friendship, loss of a friend, bullying, support to the bullied classmate, tolerance and child abuse (Owens & Barber, 1998; Owens, Airaksinen, & Korhonen, 2002). No exact manual was used but the teachers implemented the drama sessions based on two distributed drama handbooks. Home activities included interactional tasks between parent(s) and child. For instance, the child interviewed his or her parent about the school life and bullying when the parent was a school child. Parents’ evenings were based on themes which emerged from parents’ and teachers’ written suggestions. Themes were bullying, family–school cooperation, parental monitoring and common rules at school. Parents’ evenings were tutored by a drama teacher (Annukka Häkämies) who used drama methods to enhance interaction between parents and teachers.
本文主要敍述一所在芬蘭的小學在二零零七至二零零八學年如何實行校 本戲劇課程研究計劃及其結果。研究結果反映戲劇富有促進在學兒童在 社交及情緒管理能力發展上的潛力。
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Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Junttila, N., Voeten, M., Kaukiainen, A., & Vauras, M. (2006). Multisource assessment of children’s social competence. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(5), 874-895.
Konu, A. I., & Lintonen, T. P. (2006). School well-being in Grades 4-12. Health Education Research, 21(5), 633-642.
Owens, A., & Barber, K. (1998). Draama toimii. (Kaijanen, J-P. & Korhonen, P., Trans.) Helsinki: JP- kustannus. (Original work Drama works published 1997).
Owens, A., Barber, K., Airaksinen, R., & Korhonen, P. (2002). Draamasuunnistus prosessidraaman arviointi ja reflektointi. (Airaksinen, R. & Korhonen, P., Trans.) Helsinki: Tmi Raija Airaksinen. (Original work Mapping drama published 2001).
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